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TDX-1250 1250吨顶驱
美国国民油井华高（NOV）是世界石油天然气工业领域的领导者，在过去的140多年里，一直专注于提供最高质量的油田产品及服务。国民油井华高是集钻采设备、集成系统、井下工具及供应链解决方案为一体的综合服务商。从一个备件到一套完整钻井系统，从一个普通的阀门到一套集成的供应链程序，国民油井华高提供完善的用户解决方案。
国民油井华高以其高质量的产品和国际级的服务水准，越来越吸引中国高端客户。日前，本刊记者走近国民油井华高，就用户关注的问题，对其中国区设备销售经理周秘和兰石国民油井联络经理丁左进行了专访。
未来竞争与造血优势
目前在石油开发领域，大油田处在开发中，新油田却处于待开发阶段，国际寻找石油的目标已¾¬逐渐朝着深海、沙漠、高寒地带等条件艰苦的地区迈进，加之高油价时代的来临，面对这样的形势，拥有百年历史的国民油井华高公司，针对石油勘探开发业该如何应对的问题，周秘有自己独到的看法。
周秘指出：石油勘探的竞争就是石油装备的竞争。伴随油价的攀升，推动了石油公司在以往高成本地区作业的可能性。在国外，探明储量和可采储量是衡量油公司长期发展潜力的重要指标。油公司为保持和提升未来造血能力就必须依赖于对新的区块的勘探开发，而随着人类在陆地、浅海的开发提升空间日益有限，对从前开发难度大甚至不可能开发地区的作业就提上了日程。由此，新装备、高技术含量装备必然成为上述作业不可或缺的工具。勘探开发业势必要不断提升自己在装备上的水平，由此保持在未来竞争中的造血优势。
据悉，美国国民油井华高的核心技术，一直在引领世界钻井装备技术的发展。1981年第一台顶驱问世，1986年第一台盘刹问世，2004年推出不间断循环钻井系统，近期相继推出高移运性的理想钻机和快速钻机，等壁厚定子的螺杆钻具、智能钻杆等一系列新产品。另据周秘经理介绍，美国国民油井华高的产品线涵盖了钻采装备的大多数领域，如井架、交流变频绞车、电子司钻、顶驱、排管系统、铁钻工、动力卡瓦、动力吊卡、动力锚道、马丁代克钻井仪表、Brandt全套固控设备、Shaffer防喷器、BJ井口工具。形象地说，其产品包含从井下的钻头开始到地面发电机之间的所有设备和工具。
高油价与前沿技术研发
据记者了解，国内许多企业很想知道，国民油井华高的技术及服务在国外处于怎样的地位？伴随国际石油勘探开发力度和难度的不断加大，对于国民油井华高，究竟是机遇还是挑战？他们将如何应对？
针对上述问题，周秘经理给记者提供了一份《2008年5月油气服务上市值排名》。他指出，在国际上，作为油田服务商，NOV位列第三。其业务范围涵盖上下游6大环节中的钻井、完井和生产3个环节。在石油钻探设备领域，NOV首屈一指。“石油勘探开发对所有装备制造和生产商都提出了更高要求。不断开发新产品、新技术，是保持竞争力的不变法则。只有迎接挑战才有可能把握机遇。”
针对当前油价高企并呈现出不断攀升的局势，对国民油井华高公司是否会带来影响？具体到产品，就其产品而言，是提高产品技术含量，还是对产品更新换代？或者找到新的解决方案？周秘告诉记者，高油价直接导致了对装备的大量需求，特别是NOV的优势产品，其生产和订单量在过去3年中都有大幅提升。
现有订单的激增更促进了NOV对产品的研发，公司在提高现有产品技术水平的同时也在开发更加前沿的新装备。例如与传统设备完全不同的六缸泵和连续Ѭ环钻井装置。但以可靠性为第一要求的石油装备，所有的新技术都必须通过长期的实践才可能为市场所接受。
与此同时，周秘还认为，高油价也提升了替代能源的研发和应用速度。NOV对此也十分关注，作为有着百年历史的公司，NOV必须将目光投向5年~10年以后的技术市场。
石油装备界的沃尔玛
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ST-80C 便携式铁钻工
NOV日益集合了石油装备领域的多种产品，在公司的产品目录中集中了各个领域的优秀品牌。该公司目前在全球47个国家拥有的600多个直属机构，在未来5年中，NOV希望进一步提升其全球化的水平。目前，北美市场依然是公司的重点业务区域。但是，他们希望5年后能够将国际市场在NOV业绩中的比重提升到60%甚至更高水平。OTC历来都是各个公司展示新产品、新技术的重要舞台，从上图中可以看到在2008年OTC上NOV所展示的最新产品。当然，这还仅是他们所展示内容中的一部分。
NOV历来重视技术创新，不断提高设备性能以保障油田作业的安全性和高效性。同时也通过对前沿技术的应用来减小设备的尺寸，一个显著的应用就是永磁电机在吊机、顶驱、泥浆泵和绞车上的使用。
据悉，NOV的品牌自1841年以来日益得到用户的认可。为进一步完美及保证产品的最高质量及服务，NOV将产品的生产组织及服务进行了一体化的管理整合。同时在全球最先进的培训中心加强对服务人员的技术培训。丁左先生告诉记者：“生产制造方面，我们要求所有产品在出厂前100%满足高质量的测试及检验，严格把关。将售后质量服务减到最小；建立了集备件及服务维修一体的钻机服务中心。开发并建立了全球e-Hawk 24/7（全天24小时，每周七天）式在线服务网络，以达到最快的用户服务请示响应机制，以满足用户对NOV产品系统在应用中的诊断，应急及服务支持；充分利用NOV遍布全球的170多个分销网络服务中心和NOV的现场备件支持技术，为用户提供完整快捷的供应链管理服务。”
丁左先生特别指出：“NOV的产品在中国石油钻采设备上享有顶级品牌知名度。其服务随着对本地服务人员的培养和投入，使得其在中国的产品售后安装及服务响应更加快速有效。”
随着NOV在中国投资建立的合资（2001年）及独资（2004年）企业规模的逐步扩大，目前NOV在华钻机制造基地已成为NOV全球生产供应链上不可缺少的一环。特别是三缸泥浆泵及金属结构方面，NOV在华企业已成为NOV可以依靠的重要生产基地，近几年出口额的年增长率都在30%以上。
丁左先生表示，为更好地服务于未来客户需求，通过不断地开发和获取新的技术和服务，国民油井华高将继续在世界范围内成为各类产品及服务的最出色来源。
National Oilwell Varco is the leading provider for the worldwide oil and gas industry and has been dedicated to providing the highest quality oilfield products and services for more than 140 years. National Oilwell Varco is the single source for all of your rig equipment, integrated systems, downhole tools, and supply chain solutions. From a spare part to a comprehensive drilling system and from a generic valve to a fully integrated supply chain process, National Oilwell Varco delivers unlimited customer solutions.
By constantly developing and acquiring new technologies and services to better serve future customer requirements, National Oilwell Varco will continue to be the premier source for diversified products and services worldwide. Recently, the reporter had an interview with Zhou Mi, the sales manager of NOV China, and Ding Zuo, the communication manager of Lanzhou LS-NOW.
Sustaining profitability in future competition
Now large oil fields are being developed and new oil fields remain to be developed. The international oil companies have started to target difficult places such as deep sea, desert and icy alpine regions. As the oil price is high now, Zhou said that as an executive of National Oilwell Varco that has a century-long history, the key to competition in oil exploration is equipment. The rising oil price has increased the possibility of oil companies operating in originally high-cost regions. In foreign countries, proved reserves and recoverable reserves are important indicators of long-term development potential for oil companies. To sustain profitability of these oil companies is dependent on their oil exploration and development of new regions. However, the space for oil exploration and development on land and in shallow sea is increasingly limited, which has put difficult or even impossible development mission on the agenda. As a result, new technology and equipment have become indispensable for these operations. Oil exploration and development companies must constantly improve their equipments to sustain their profitability in future competition.
It is reported that the core technology of NOV has been leading the world's drilling equipment and technology. In 1981, the first top-drive was produced. And the non-stop reacting cycle drilling well system was launched in 2004. Recently, series of new products have been launched one by one, such as fast drilling rigs, screw drills and intelligent drill pipes and so on. According to Zhou, NOV’s products cover most areas of the drilling equipment sector, such as the derrick, winch, e-driller, top drive, control scheduling system, iron workers drilling, power kava , elevator power, power anchor, Martin Updike drilling instrumentation, Brandt solid set of control equipment, Shaffer blowout preventer, BJ wellhead tool etc. Figuratively speaking, NOV’s products contain all the equipment and tools in the drilling process.
Rising oil price and high-technology development
According to the reporter, many domestic compaies wonder: Where is NOV in terms of its technology and service overseas? How does NOV cope with increasing difficulty in oil exploration and development across the world? Is this an opportunity or a challenge? Zhou gave his answer to these questions. Zhou said, in the international market, as an oilfield service provider, NOV ranks third (Table 1), and its business scope covers drilling, well completion and production, three links of the six upstream and downstream links. Oil drilling equipments of NOV are first-rate in the world. Oil exploration and development has raised higher requirements for equipment manufacturers. The key to maintaining your competitiveness is to keep developing new products and technologies, and you cannot seize the opportunity if you don’t face the challenge.
What is the impact of the current rising oil price over NOV? Will NOV try to make the products more technology intensive or update the products? Or will NOV try to find new solutions? Zhou told the reporter, the rising oil price has contributed to growing demand for equipments, particularly for competitive products of NOV. The output and orders have grown dramatically in the past three years.
Besides, the increasing orders have encouraged NOV to place higher premium on R&D of products. While improving the technology of the current products, NOV is also strengthening development of more cutting-edge equipments, such as six-cylinder pump and continuous cycle drilling equipment, which is totally different from traditional equipments. As reliability is the primary focus of oil equipments, all the new technologies will not be accepted by the market without long-term practice.
The rising oil price has also accelerated R&D and use of alternative energies. NOV is also keeping an eye on this. As a century-long company, NOV must eye the technology market five to ten years from now.
To be a commonplace in the oil equipment sector
NOV has increasingly become commonplace in the oil equipment sector. The catalog of the company has included all the outstanding brands of various fields. While already operating in 47 countries with over 600 locations, NOV is further increasing its globalization in the coming five years. We hope to raise NOV profit from the global market to 60 percent or a higher level. OTC has been an important stage for companies to show their new products and technologies. From the picture below, you can see new products of NOV at OTC in 2008. Of course they are just part of NOV products.
NOV places innovation at the top of our priority list. We are constantly improving our equipment and finding ways to make the oil field safer and more efficient. We are also utilizing cutting-edge technology to decrease the overall footprint of our equipment as well, such as permanent magnet motors on our cranes, top drives, mud pumps and drawworks.
OTC has been an important stage for companies to show their new products and technologies. From the picture below, you can see new products of NOV in 2008. Of course they are just part of our products.
Ding said, the brand of NOV has been recognized by the world since 1841. To improve and ensure high quality of its products and services, NOV has integrated management of production and services. We are also training our service technicians at state-of-the-art training facilities with all the latest developments in technology.
a. As for production, NOV require 100 percent of products to pass high quality check and testing so as to minimize after-sale service.
b. NOV has set up a drill service center that provides spare parts and maintenance and repair service. It has also set up a 24/7 global online service network called e-Hawk to respond to clients as quickly as possible, so as to support diagnosis and emergency service to clients using NOV products.
c. NOV has also made full use of its world-wide network of over 170 Distribution Service Center to provide complete and rapid supply chain management service to clients, and we are also setting up on rig supply stores, the NOV RigStore, for on site inventory management to keep our customers operational.
Ding said, NOV oil drilling and recovery equipments are highly recognized by China. The growing input into training of local service human resources has made NOV after-sale and installment service more responsive.
With gradual expansion of NOV joint-stock companies (in 2001) and wholly-owned companies (in 2004) in China, NOV China-based drill production base has become an integral part of NOV global supply chain. NOV China-based companies, particularly in terms of three cylinder mud pump and metal structure, have become an important reliable production base for NOV, with their annual export growing over 30 percent in recent years.
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